Scientific Advancements in Medical Technology

Scientific Advancements in Medical Technology Alice Wyatt Scientific advancements 3D printers are used for many things including medicine to guns and other illegal items. Scientists have created a new 3D printer inspired by terminator 2. This means that it will work 100 times faster than the normal 3D printer and can make items in minutes rather than hours. Many people are happy because technology is being advanced. â€Å"Freaking awesome tech. This will also allow shapes to be designed and built that are impossible with current methods.† Said by Funcrew on the guardian website. This shows that many of the public are having positive thoughts about the new technology that is being produce and how it is shaping the world and how we are using the technology in everyday life, it also shows how this new technology will allow us to do things we couldn’t before. 3D printing is used in many different ways and one is being a part of the dental industry and being used by dentists so that they can poke and prod and them and to show the patients what is going on in their own mouth and explain procedures that they may go through. Many people are not understanding why we need a more expensive models just to show patients procedures. â€Å"Do they need a new, presumably more expensive, model just for the purpose of explaining procedures to patients?† said by Pollik. This shows that although many people have positive thoughts the other half of the public have negative thoughts and don’t understand why the technology is being used and the technology we use now is just as good and is not as expensive as the new technology coming onto the market. These negative attitudes make people jump onto these attitudes and start to criticise the technology and result in the technology not getting brought, however the positive attitudes may make celebrities and other famous people to accept these technologies resulting in a lot of people wanting this new technology and making the sales go very high up. The debate about 3D printers at the moment in who actually buys these as if it is criminals who buys these to make guns and other illegal items, this could mean in the criminals running wild and being able to make many, many items in just a week, this could cause a lot of problems throughout the world. Whether as the 3D printers that are used for medical advancements or in certain business industries are useful and therefore there is no debate on using 3D printers in these terms, it is just when the 3D printers are not used for good things, this then results in the society not looking the new technology when it is being used for bad things. These issues that the public has about the 3D printers are not important enough to stop any development of the 3D printers. This is because the 3D printers are more or less being used for the health and wellbeing of the public in the NHS with medical issues and dentistry issues and also in the different industries of business, and are only ever rarely used by criminals for illegal ideas. 3D printers are used a lot to help people and explain to people things that they can’t see themselves. People’s perception of 3D printers can be improved by the government and businesses taking the 3D printers of the market to the public and just letting businesses or the NHS being able to buy these this would result in criminals not getting a hold of the 3D printers and the public can stop worrying about what they will do with them. People’s perception would also change about 3D printers if they cost a bit less to buy as they k now that the NHS and other businesses will be buying these things for experiments and the public know that buying expensive equipment in the NHS means that they won’t have money to do other things as they don’t have money as it is. Bibliography: What are the pros and cons of MRI scans?  M Billingsley – 15th March 2012  http://doc2doc.bmj.com/forums/open-clinical_radiology_pros-cons-of-mri-scans  [Accessed on: 13/03/15] What is a Heart MRI?  Brain Krans – 26th June 2012  http://www.healthline.com/health/heart-mri#Overview1  [Accessed on: 13/03/15] Medical Applications for 3D printing: Current and projected uses, C Lee Ventola – October 2014  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4189697/  [Accessed on: 18/03/15] Gartner says uses of 3D printing will ignite major debate on ethics and regulation, Conn Stamford – 29th January 2014  http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/2658315  [Accessed on: 19/03/15] What are the ethical issues surrounding gene therapy?  March 16th 2015  http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/therapy/ethics  [Accessed on: 19/03/15] Scientists create Terminator 2-inspired 3D printer, Hannah Devlin – Thursday 19th March 2015 – 18:45  http://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/mar/19/scientists-create-terminator-2-inspired-3d-printer  [Accessed on: 19/03/15] Smile! Meet the 3D printer churning out teeth, nerves and gums for dentists, Stuart Dredge – Monday 16th March 2015,  http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/mar/16/3d-printer-teeth-nerves-gums-dentists  [Accessed on: 19/03/15]

Analysis of Meno’s Question to Socrates

In Plato’s dialogue, Meno, Socrates is asked a paradoxical question about what virtue is by Meno. â€Å"How will you enquire, Socrates, into that which you do not know? What will you put forth as the subject of enquiry? And if you find what you want, how will you ever know that this is the thing which you did not know? † Socrates retorts that if you already know what you are searching for, then you do not have to search.Alternatively, if you do not know what you are looking for, the search is indeed futile. However, Socrates attempts to explain to Meno why it is that he will be able to find what virtue is by introducing the idea that knowledge is inherent in the individual as it is passed along through the soul. When Meno demands proof of this concept, Socrates provides an example of a slave boy using â€Å"inherent knowledge† to calculate the length of a square needed to double it’s own area.This experiment shows Meno that virtue, along with other knowled ge, can indeed be discovered through the inherent knowledge in one’s soul, and only has to be â€Å"remembered† to become of use. When Meno proposes his argument to Socrates that a search for what you do not know is impossible, he is reasoning that if one does not know what it is they are trying to find, one will never know if they have found it. Meno seeks to understand how an individual can find new knowledge if they have no clue how to find it or how to comprehend the discovery of it.Socrates acknowledges Meno’s argument and states that â€Å"man cannot enquire either about that which he knows, or about that which he does not know; for if he knows, he has no need to enquire; and if not, he cannot; for he does not know the very subject about which he is to enquire† (Meno, Plato). Meno believes that this proves his own argument, but Socrates proposes an alternate way to attain knowledge. Socrates speaks of â€Å"priests and priestesses† who  "say that the soul of man is immortal† (Meno, Plato).Also, he says the soul has kept all the knowledge from previous â€Å"lives† that it has had, and therefore knowledge is obtained through recollection instead of learning. Socrates attempts to prove his theory by providing an example with one of Meno’s slaves. His experiment is simple. Socrates calls over a slave boy and asks him about squares. The boy knows has some knowledge of the properties of squares including the fact that they have four equal sides, they can be divided in half, and the area is equal to the side multiplied by the other side.However, when Socrates asks the boy to determine the length of a side necessary to double the area of a 2Ãâ€"2 foot square, the boy mistakenly says 4 feet (which would yield a square 4 times too large). The slave proposes a length of three feet, but is wrong again. Here Socrates makes a note of the â€Å"torpedo’s touch† (Meno, Plato) or â€Å"aporiaâ⠂¬  (Aporia, Burbules), which means that the boy knows that he does not know.Socrates states that this state of mind is better than believing false knowledge, because one will know that there is knowledge to seek. Socrates maintains that throughout the experiment he was never teaching the slave, but only asking of his opinions. Therefore, the knowledge that the slave called upon must have already been inherent if he had not learned it before (since slaves had little education the boy was the perfect example for Socrates to demonstrate this â€Å"inborn knowledge. ) Socrates makes his argument clear: if the slave had no knowledge of what is was he was searching for (the length of the side), and the information was not taught to the boy, then the information must have already been inherent in the boy’s soul. Here is Socrates’ argument in Premise/Conclusion form: P: Slave isn’t taught. P: Slave has no prior knowledge. P: Immortal soul contains knowledge. C: Knowl edge must come from one’s immortal soul. P: You do not know what you are trying to find. P: You are not taught what you are trying to find.P: Your soul contains inherent knowledge. C: You can find what you are searching for through recollection of the knowledge â€Å"stored† in your soul. Socrates’ proofs are meant to enforce his views that knowledge such as virtue must be searched for, â€Å"that a man should enquire about that which he does not know† (Meno, Plato). Citations: Burbules, Nicholas C. â€Å"Aporias, Webs, and Passages: Doubt as an Opportunity to Learn. † Curriculum Inquiry 30. 2 (2000): n. pag. Aporia. 2000. Web. 12 Sept. 2012. . Plato, and R. S. Bluck. Meno. Cambridge [Eng. : University, 1961. N. pag. Print.

The Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals of Oklahoma

Conditions warranties and innominate terms - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1127 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Analytical essay Tags: Contract Law Essay Did you like this example? Cedric entered into a contract with the Distinguished Hotel for the wedding reception of his daughter Ali and groom Benno s big day. In the contract Cedric made with the hotel he was assured that all 300 of his guests would be seated in the chosen function room with a view of the top table, on the day however some of the guests were placed in an adjoining conservatory without a view of the top table. For this to be a breach of contract will depend on whether the statement made between the hotel and Cedric can be classified as a representation or a term of the contract. If the statement was said to encourage a party to make a contract but does not actually form part of the contract this is only a representation. On the other hand a term will be an undertaking in the contract s execution. (Furmston(2007): 157-159). Whether the statement made by the hotel is a representation or a term will be a question of the parties intention. (Elliott and Quinn (2010): 122). The s tatement in question is an important one and is likely to be a term rather than a representation. This could be indicated by considering whether the contract would have been made without the existence of this statement. (Banner v White (1861)). For Cedric it is arguable that having all the guests within the function room with a view of the top table was an important aspect for him and not having this goes against the contract s intensions. Adding to this Cedric provided the hotel with the number of guests, and not unreasonably has relied upon the hotel managers specialist knowledge in offering his assurance of accommodating all the guests as described. (Dick Bentley Productions Ltd v Harold Smith (Motors) Ltd (1965)). Furthermore the statement was made at the point at which Cedric was entering the contract, suggesting that it was in fact a term in the contract. (Routledge v McKay (1954)). Terms are categorized into three types: conditions, warranties and innominate terms. In Cedr ic s case there only appears to be disappointment within the wedding party. This being taken into account it is likely to be considered a warranty as the breach is only trivial in relation to the overall reception provided. (Hong Kong Fir Shipping Co. Ltd v Kawasaki Ltd (1962)). The remedy that can be sought by Cedric would be damages for compensation for the breach. The second issue was the food poising of the guests due to poorly cooked chicken. As a direct result of this Cedric could sue for breach of contract. In the contract certain terms are implied by law under the Supply of Goods and Services Act 1982. Section 13 of the Act details that the supplier will carry out a service with reasonable care and skill . The key question for the hotel they delivered a service with reasonable care and skill . The fact that the food poising was caused by improperly cooked chicken would suggest that they did not and therefore fell below the standard of care required under the Act. The fact s would suggest that poising guests would be a serious breach of contract meriting a refund or substantial reduction of the reception cost. Another issue for the hotel is that the poisoned guests may sue for negligence. In order to determine the liability in the tort of negligence it is necessary to establish all three elements of negligence on the basis of the facts: (Bermingham and Brennan (2010): 38) (1) Whether a duty of care existed between the hotel and the guests? (2) Whether actions taken by the hotel broke that duty of care? (3) Whether the breach caused the damage of a legally recognizable kind to the guests? It can be argued that the hotel owed all the guests a reasonable duty of care to avoid such acts or omissions, which could be reasonably foreseen as likely to cause injury. (Donoghue v Stevenson (1932)). Obviously the hotel could have easily foreseen that food preparation could impact on the guests. Additionally the relationship between the hotel and th e guests was of a sufficient proximity that actions taken by the hotel would impact the guests. This type of relationship is one that can be considered just, fair and reasonable to impose liability as there is reasonable reliance upon the hotel to provide satisfactory service. A duty of care is breached when the defendant does something in the same circumstances that the reasonable person would not do. (Blyth v Birmingham Waterworks (1856)). It can be argued that no reasonable hotel would serve food improperly cooked, as the magnitude of risk to the guests would be heightened by improperly cooked food. (Bolton v Stone (1951)). Taking simple hygiene and cooking measures could have easily prevented this. The hotel has breached its duty of care by failing to provide safe chicken fit for human consumption. The final stage in a claim in negligence is causation and determining whether the food poising would have not occurred if it had been properly cooked. The damage sustained by th e guests must be attributable to the hotel and be the type of injury, which could have been reasonably foreseen. (Overseas Tankship (UK) Ltd v Morts Dock and Engineering). It is clearly evident from the facts that the chicken caused the food poising and this type of injury could have been easily foreseen. However, for the actual claim sought by Ali and Benno the compensation will be damages, whilst they are seeking compensation for the honeymoon and its repurchase the courts will examine what damages they are entitled to. It is likely that the court would award damages for the loss of their honeymoon as it could be reasonably foreseen that poising the wedding party would result in losing out on a honeymoon. However it will be very unlikely that they would be successful in claiming a holiday to the Far East for two weeks, the level of compensations will be for the value of the honeymoon to Eastbourne as the courts will be unwilling to allow the couple profit from this. In summa ry the hotel is going to be liable for the cost or a proportion of the cost of the wedding reception, because there are at least two actions of breach of contract for failing to have all the guests seated together with a view of the top table and for failing to exercise reasonable care in ensuring food served would be fit for consumption. There is also an action in negligence for Ali and Benno for compensation in claiming damages for the loss of their honeymoon to Eastbourne. It is unlikely that they would be legally entitled to force the hotel to pay for the honeymoon to the Far East as this would allow them to profit and upgrade their honeymoon. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Conditions warranties and innominate terms" essay for you Create order

Does Zodiac Sign Matter - 988 Words

Does your Zodiac sign matter? A lot of people ask what astrology is and what the Zodiac signs are. They also ask whether they can trust what the zodiac signs say about them. Zodiac signs, horoscopes, or Astrology had been topics that created arguments between lots of people. A lot of people believe in zodiac signs and their descriptions about the people’s characteristics. Other people think believing in Zodiac signs is just like believing in superstitions. Believing is Astrology might not sound right, but according to a lot of things it also can be as much right as it might sound wrong. In order to actually know why zodiac signs matter, people first have to know what are the zodiac signs, what astrology is and what it means. People have to look out at Astrology from different perspectives; they have to look at it throughout history, science, and peoples’ observations. According to Cambridge University Dictionary, Astrology is â€Å"the study of the movements and positions of the sun, moon, planets, and stars in the belief that they affect the character and lives of people.† Studying the stars, planets, moon, sun are some of the basic things students learn in schools. But when it comes to believing that these (sun, moon, planets, and stars) have or can effect on people’s lives and characters, yes it is hard to believe that. However if people actually take some time reading about their Zodiac signs or read about astrology, they will find out that some of the characteristics onShow MoreRelatedThe Zodiac Of A Zodiac1273 Words   |  6 Pages The zodiac calendar is an astrological theory that leads a path from the sun, moon, and planets creating a â€Å"belt† shape. This pathway follows around the earth into twelve sectors, each of which are associated with a sign, a symbol and a personality type. (Astrology) The twelve signs are Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius, and Pisces. Each sign relates to a specific month on our calendar system, and who ever is born on a certain day and monthRead MoreAnne Bradstreet: Thoughts Towards of Her Husband1318 Words   |  6 Pages2 â€Å"My sun is gone so far in’s zodiac,† From my point of view, the poet overlooks her husband that is why she addresses her husband by a series of metaphors, the main one being the sun. By the phrase, â€Å"My Sun†, there poet concentrate ones how much she misses him, since he gone so far for public employment. Then, she relates the sun with â€Å"zodiac† and in lines 7 and 8 a new pattern of imagery emerges and this new image reveals by â€Å"zodiac† word. I think, by â€Å"zodiac† here the poet develops a metaphysicalRead MoreAstronomy Difficult Questions1145 Words   |  5 Pageslens to refract all colors of the spectrum to a common focus. 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Hunt ENC1102 13 November 2016 Righteous Degenerate What do Adolf Hitler, The Zodiac Killer and, The Misfit all have in common? They are psychopathic murderers. Psychopaths do not feel therefore they cannot have morals in the same way normal people do. In â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† by Flannery O’Connor the character known as the Misfit loses the battle with his conscience and is proven to be immoral. 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The strategic role of the Royal British Navy in the First World War Free Essays

string(34) " was saved by virtue of the navy\." Introduction The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom (UK) is the oldest part of Britain’s combat forces and is often referred to as the â€Å"Senior Service†. The Naval Service is comprised of the Royal Navy, Royal Marines, Royal Fleet Auxiliary, Fleet Air Arm and reserve forces. From the 18th century up to the end of World War II, the Navy was the world’s principal and most powerful navy. We will write a custom essay sample on The strategic role of the Royal British Navy in the First World War or any similar topic only for you Order Now Therefore it played a very important role during the period in keeping Britain’s position as the ultimate ‘superpower.’ The Royal Navy used various strategies and tactics such as the Antwerp, Mesopotamia, Gallipoli and the Zeebruge campaigns. The involvement of various sections of the Royal Navy helped to make sure of victories against serious enemies and opponents of British interests (Benbow 2011). This paper discusses the role of the Royal British Navy during the First World War by analyzing the war tactics they used in varying campaigns both on land and on sea. In the first place, the Royal Navy was crucial from a defensive point of view, a point made all the more acute by the fact that Britain is an island nation that is relatively isolated geographically. In terms of the home front, therefore, the navy was the first and more imperative line of defence. It must be considered, as an adjunct to this, that the wealth and power of Britain relied in large part on his expansive Empire, which could not have been protected by means other than naval power. It might be argued, of course, that Britain had established effective naval supremacy at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805 (Benbow 2011; Halpern 1994). However, despite the nation’s best efforts in conflicts such as the Seven Years War, among others, the state of affairs in 1805 had in actual fact been reversed to a significant extent by the turn of the 20th century. By the time of WWI, Britain’s navy was fairly outdated and its competitors were on the ascendant (Benbow 2011). The changing status quo by WWI made the burden on the navy heavier than ever. It still remained its 19th-century reputation as the ultimate military power and it had massive capacity to move soldiers and vessels across large international spaces territories. It still, moreover, had the capability to prevent rivals from doing similar strategic moving of troops and equipment (Halpern 1994). The floating gun vessels in particular were a devastating tool in the arsenal that frequently made it impossible for foreign leaders to act against Britain. The crucial fact was that the Royal Navy was able to stymie the efforts of foreign powers, making certain that there was always a supply of tradecrafts and raw materials so that Britain’s factories could make and distribute their products overseas. The Laissez Faire economic model that Britain adopted as the basis of its trading would not have been possible without the authority of the Royal Navy (Friedman 2001; Halpern 1994). It is clear , therefore, that regardless of apparent historical supremacy, the navy as important as ever in economic and defensive terms during WWI. Another aspect of the Royal Navy’s powerful role was control of communications and supply lines, so that it was possible to link up the Empire and control activities across the globe. Throughout the whole period, the Royal Navy’s war preparation and entry into the First World War demonstrates its state-of-the-art operation. This ability, however, arose not just through the navy itself but also the vast and sophisticated underpinning of expertise and strategy. For example, the Royal Navy was backed by a comprehensive research programme into maritime history, careful studies of allied and defensive maneuvers, and knowledge of politics and power in various regions across Europe and beyond (Friedman 2001). An important part of this was that Navy’s role in reconnaissance and observation. It was able to procure information about the capabilities of rivals, for example, whether political, military, or economic. The strategic role of the navy is best discussed in the context of contemporary events. The Germans marched into France and Belgium in August 1914 and desperately needed a â€Å"flying column†. At this time, Britain had between 20 000 to 30 000 navy reservists but could not make sure that all these reservists played a full role. Those parties in charge of strategy concluded that there were enough reserve soldiers to create two groups that would form vital brigades. So, in Britain the Naval Brigades and the Royal Marines Brigade were set up. The brigades became publicly recognized as the RND (Royal Naval Division) and soon after they were sent to Ostend, where they took part in a fierce battle in Antwerp. This battle demonstrates a number of different things about the strategic important of the navy. On the one hand, it indicates a clear purpose: the opposing of a German threat on the continent which, if unimpeded by the reservists, might have become a serious threat. The Marines were among the only British forces participating at the battle of Antwerp, and they brought about Germany’s withdrawal of a large proportion of their troops from the French front in order to capture of Antwerp (Stephenson 2011). However, the extent to which these soldiers struggled in due to poor training and shortages of proper equipment suggests that at this stage the Royal Navy was of limited strategic value. Thus, the Belgium army, which was comprised of mainly six divisions, was overcome by the Germans at Liege and the River Gate and had to retreat to the stronghold city of Antwerp (Halpern 1994). Had the Royal Navy been more adept in the first place this might never have occurred. However, the strategic role of the navy in this instance was salvaged to an extent when Winston Churchill, astutely realizing the important of Antwerp, bolstered the city using the Royal Navy Division. In this way, a key strategic position, in terms of Allied shipping, was saved by virtue of the navy. You read "The strategic role of the Royal British Navy in the First World War" in category "Essay examples" This point is made all the more compelling by the fact that the Belgians were forced to withdraw their forces from the fray on 6t October 1914, opening the path to a German victory. The intervention of the Royal Navy therefore came at a critical moment, heightening its importance (Grove 1987). The tactics of the Royal Naval Division on this occasion also suggests strategic relevance. An innovative plan was devised by which the troops dug trenches so that they could position themselves strategically during the battle. The aftermath of the battle is also worth mentioning. On 11 October 1914, the residual divisions of the Royal Navy Division arrived back home in England and immediately commenced their training camp in Blanford in Dorset (Jolly 2000). Crucially, they brought with them Belgian experience and the innovation of British armed forces. Changes were made to the training to better prepare the Naval Division as well as the Marine substitutes, that in the future would be selected and serve in Royal Marine battalions. Thus, through the navy’s combat experience and later role in Britain, the capability of the armed forces was enhanced. The French believed the Germans were on maneuvers in Belgium and sent some ships to trouble the German cavalry which were by now in North of Dunkirk. This maneuver was successful, which managed to give the impression that it was the central army. The British forces began to move ahead towards Brasa and captured Fort Zain. They also stopped efforts by the Turks to obstruct the river so the Turkish forces retreated from Brasa. Then, General Sir Arthur Barrett, the commander of the British army, deployed regiments to the city and the British forces established a strong occupation on 23 November 1914 (Knight 2006). The triumphant campaign allowed the majority of the British troops to return home, leaving only a small garrison. This episode is more than mere narrative. It reveals that for certain periods the Royal Navy was rendered almost redundant in a military sense due to a lack of conflict at sea. This is suggested by the fact that on 28 August, marines were located on ships during t he battle of Heligoland, with no lives lost. Later, however, at the Battle of Coronel in November, the British forces experienced a loss of 196 soldiers. One of the last encounters at sea was in 1914 during the Battle of the Falkland Islands in December. The importance of the navy was brought back into focus when, towards the end of 1914, the deadlock between the Western and Eastern Fronts ceased (Friedman 2011). This allowed the British Navy to establish and consolidate maritime control and superiority, but it was not practical to have the opening of a similar instance as Trafalgar. The British administration therefore needed to begin searching for an alternative that would conclude the war. During December 1914, the strategic importance of the navy on the Western Front became apparent. The British government had responded to a request for assistance from Russia, which was struggling to fight the Turks in the Caucuses. On 2 January 1915, the Secretary of State for War, Field Marshal Lord Kitchener agreed to demonstrate British strength to support Russia (McMillan 2013). Kitchener could not take any troops from the Western Front, so he turned to naval capacities for active involvement. As a result, the best location for action would be the tapered strip of water from the Mediterranean into the Sea of Marmara. The purpose and plan, masterminded by Winston Churchill, was to avoid the Turkish capital, First Lord of the Admiralty. Churchill created a complicated structure of a ‘third Allied front’ which gave tremendous assistance to Russia. The Royal Naval Division, moreover, went on to form an important part of the Mediterranean Expeditionary force (MEF), was wh ich also included the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC), the 29th Division (British Army) and the Royal Naval Division (RND) (Dupuy 1967). Responsibility for the division was given to General Sir Ian Hamilton, The marines’ first conflict was in March 1915, where they targeted Turkish citadels and 22 individuals lost their lives while several others were injured. On 25 April the Plymouth Battalion with a group of 2nd South Wales Borderers landed on â€Å"Y† beach where a number of soldiers lost their lives (Churchill 1940). However, these successes were not without setbacks, and it should not be concluded that the Royal Navy was unequivocally of strategic value in these cases. There had been an early problem when the navy initially landed on 25 April and this had given Turkey chance of help to organize their defenses from Germany especially on top of cliffs that gave a direct view of the neighboring beaches and into the interior of the land (Dupuy 1967). On 28th April, the Chatham Battalion landed on the Anzac shoreline in order to safeguard a beach, and they stayed there until 12th May despite many deaths and casualties. On the 29th April, the Admiralty gave control of the Royal Navy Division to the British War office and it became the 63rd Royal Naval Division. The 63rd also had control of the RM training division located at Blanford (Herwig 1987). During May and June, Royal Marines participated in warfare at the 2nd and 3rd Battles of Krithnia. Additionally, there was action at Achi Baba on the 12th June. The MEF held their initial position at Gallipoli to try and find a conclusion to the struggle (Herwig 1987). One point of important to note about this episode is that the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force (MEF), along with the Royal Navy, experienced various levels of difficulties and higher levels of casualties. This prompted MEF’s withdrawal from Gallipoli, moreover. Winston Churchill’s administration has received severe criticism for the large number of lives lost over this period, and it can reasonably be questioned whether such as campaign can be deemed of strategic value. One might even say it was a strategic folly in human terms; and as Osbourne (2004) points out, the fact that Churchill stepped down from the Admiralty as a result is damning. Following the activities of this period, more action then took place in the sea rather than on land. The Battle of Jutland was the largest wartime conflict that occurred at sea during World War I. The battle commenced on 31st May 1916 when Germany fired against the British Battle Cruiser regiments. Royal Marines proved their strategic value here, as they were involved in 10% of the most important naval attack on crafts (Osbourne 2004). This proportion comprised mainly RMA whose job during this time was to operate guns. As it got bigger, the battle looked like it was getting out of control. The next day, British demolisher vessels attacked and sunk the Pommern. However in total, the Germans lost 11 ships while the British lost 14 ships, which suggests strategic folly in numerical terms (Osbourne 2004). In May the same year, RMLI brigades arrived from Gallipoli and were repatriated to France where new resources and weapons were organised. In addition, they were given more manpower and upgraded weapons to machine guns. In July, the RM Company was joined by companies called Howe and Anson the 188th Brigade of the re-titled 63rd RND (Herwig 1987). This group moved to a fairly quiet region of the Western Front. At this point, because of new weapons technology it was necessary to safeguard the line using three trench positions. Common Trench warfare was intended for use in heavy infantry but that was not commonly experienced through the commando tactics of RMLI (Friedman 2011). These battalions became a vital element to the Battle of Ancre Heights near Beaumont Hill. There were financial implications for this battle, as well as many casualties. On 17th April 1917 the 1st and 2nd regiments participated in armed combat at Miraumant and also during the 2nd Battle of the Scarpe later that m onth. During this armed effort, troops from the 63rd Division took over captured Gavrelle, led by General C. Lawrie. Immediately afterward, the 63rd Division also participated in the Battle of Arleux (Friedman 2011). The RND marched to various regions including Arras and Ypres during the winter weather, carrying heavy army equipment. In Ypres, the battalions trained very hard to prepare for a key offensive on the German border, north of Ypres. When it happened, the attack would take the forces to the strategic location of the Paddebrek stream, in the north region of the canal (Randier 2006). Because of significant losses earlier that year the 1st and 2nd RMLI contingents joined together to increase their masses numbers. However, at this point, there were some signs that the war was moving towards an end and the Germans begun realizing that their momentum begun to slow down. Finally, on 8th August the British put into place their counter plan to impact on German troops, disturbing all levels of hierarchy in the army, including the German High Command. This appeared to be a possible chance for victory, although it is vital to point out that victory was not guaranteed. On 2nd to 3rd September 1918, the 1st and 3rd Armies fought at the Battle of Drocourt-Queant, alongside the 63rd (RN) division in the Third army (Morison 1942). On 27th September to 1st October 1918, the 1st and 3rd Armies also engaged in combat at the Battle of the Canal du Nord. During this time, the 63rd RN group was once again a component of the third Army (Stephenson 2011; Osbourne 2004). As has emerged through this essay, the strategic value of the Royal Navy was mixed. Many historians viewed Gallipoli as a catastrophic tragedy, facilitated by confusing tactics and problems that allowed the enemy to prepare for the attack (Stephenson 2011). However, despite awful circumstances, the Marines still managed several successes demonstrating that they were a significant force on the ground in the capacity of infantry. Many of the experiences acquired by soldiers in World War I were valuable resources that were applied again in the experiences they would go through in WWII (Stephenson 2011). This essay has detailed the many triumphs of the Royal Navy; however, of them all the Zeebruge campaign was arguably the most important in strategic terms (Koerver 2010). After dealing with frightful conditions and dreadful weather, the Marines still managed to carry out their responsibilities and sabotage the canal (Stephenson 2011). Their accomplishments led to an unintentional benefit of giving a confidence boost and momentum for all British soldiers involved in the conflict in other places (Knight 2006). As a final, but by no means insignificant point, the importance of the Royal Navy as a blockading force deserves a mention. The efforts of the marines and the navy kept Germany surrounded, creating barrier to many trade routes and ports, causing starvation and eventually defeat. This contributed to higher levels of bankruptcy, as Germany exhausted its finances trying to keep up with Britain (Stephenson 2011; Osbourne 2004). In conclusion, is clear that the Royal Navy was an indispensible strategic tool during WWI. It had the capacity to fight effectively in different environments and landscapes, as has been outlined in the narrative sections of this essay. It was also useful in observing and introducing a wide range of tactics, strategies, and military equipment to Britain, which helped to evolve many modern aspects of warfare that are still with us today (Knight 2006). Its versatility on land and sea, moreover, which has been outlined throughout this essay in description of campaigns, was enormously useful. In concrete terms, the most essential raids that consolidated included Antwerp, Mesopotamia, Gallipoli, and Zeebruge, all of which involved the Royal Navy. Of course, it certainly had its shortcomings, and some of its failures and blunders have been discussed. However, this is an inevitable part of the operations of any force. In the end, while the Germans lost the war for a wide range of reasons, the impact of the British Royal Navy was certainly one of them; it was undoubtedly of great strategic value. Reference List Benbow, T Naval Warfare 1914-1918: From Coronel to the Atlantic and Zeebrugge. (Newbury: Amber Books Ltd, 2011) Churchill, W The Second World War. Vol. 2, Their Finest Hour ( Houghton Mifflin Company, 1949) Dupuy, T. N. The Military History of World War I: naval and overseas war, 1916-1918. (New York: Franklin Watts, 1967) Friedman, N., Naval Weapons of World War One: Guns, Torpedoes, Mines, and ASW Weapons of All Nations: An Illustrated Directory (UK: Naval Institute Press 2011). Grove, E. Vanguard to Trident, (London: Naval Institute Press/The Bodley Head, 1987) Halpern, P. A Naval History of World War I. The Standard Scholarly Survey. (Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1994) Koerver, H. J. German Submarine Warfare 1914 – 1918 in the Eyes of British Intelligence, (Reinisch: LIS 2010) Herwig, H. H. Luxury Fleet: The Imperial German Navy,1888-1918. (Oxon: Routledge, 1987) Joll, R. Jackspeak. (UK: Maritime Books, 2000) Will Knight, UK unveils plans for a new submarine fleet. New Scientist (Environment) 2006, McMillan, M. The War That Ended Peace: The Road to 1914(London: Profile Books Ltd, 2013) Morison, E. Admiral Sims and the Modern American Navy. (UK: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1942) Osbourne, E. W. Britain’s Economic Blockade of Germany, 1914–1919. (London and New York: Routledge 2004). Randier, J. La Royale: L’histoire illustree de la Marine Nationale Francaise. (Brest: Editions de la Cite, 2006) Stephenson, D. With our backs to the wall: Victory and defeat in 1918. (UK: Penguin, 2011) How to cite The strategic role of the Royal British Navy in the First World War, Essay examples

Established With The Aim Of Making Profits-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: How To Established With The Aim Of Making Profits? Answer: Introduction Business organisations are established with the aim of making profits. A business organisation undertakes various activities such that it can earn revenues or make profits for long-term sustenance of the business(der OMU-Theorie, 2008). For every business organisation a goal is defined, according to which vision and mission statements are set. The scope of this essay includes description regarding an organisational structure of a new hotel business in Sydney, Australia. The essay describes the organisational structure, internal and external forces that impacts the organisation, risks confronting the business, activities that will enhance performance of the business and key business functionalities(Catthoor, 2013). Analysis The hotel set up for purpose of catering to guests and tourists visiting Sydney, Australia. The hotel will be set up 7 kilometers from central city location and will have 30 rooms. It will aim to cater to low budget travellers, who are willing to travel the country at low costs. The organisation structure will be headed by me, the owner or proprietor and I will act as the CEO or head for the same. Below CEO will be finance, human resource, sales and marketing, operations department(Buelens, 2011). Finance department will be responsible for billing, payout of salaries and maintaining of accounts. Human resource department will be hiring staffs and employees, training them and allocating appropriate responsibilities to them. Sales and marketing department will conduct various promotions for the hotel and carry out events such to promote the brand name. Operations or maintenance department will be responsible for handling customers, rooms and breakfast orders. There will be a total of 2 0 employees for various department to manage functionalities. The operations department will employ most number of employees as it will cater to customers and attend to them. HR department will appoint personnel for each and every department such that they are able to carry out responsibilities well. The hotel being set up in Sydney will be impacted by major macro environmental forces as political influence, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental influences(Dcosta, 2012). Politically Sydney is stable with democratic government structure, which is conducive for conducting businesses. Economically Australia is stable, with stable inflation rate, growth rates and market structure, hence people have affordability to stay at hotels. Australia is socially advanced and westernized similar to other world nations, hence a lot of people travel. Technologically the country is advanced, hence the hotel will be listed with major ecommerce portals and create a website of its own. Legal and judicial system of Australia is quite transparent that offers immense potential for conducting business with ease. Australia has significant environmental regulations hence the hotel will adopt sustainable energy sources. The hotel will also aim to reuse some of its treated wastewater for s anitation purposes by installing filtration plants. The macro environmental factors for the hotel reflects that there are large amounts of opportunities that can easily be explored by it. Almost all factors are conducive for the hotel to conduct its business. It can easily obtain any sort of financial aid also from financial institution or banks such as to cater to its immediate needs. Another integral macro environmental analysis can be done using Porters five forces analysis(Porter M. , 2008). Such analysis can be undertaken analyzing bargaining power of buyers, bargaining power of sellers, threats of new entrants, threat form substitute products and industry rivalry. The hotel established will face severe competition and threat from homestays and boutique hotels. Bargaining power of customers will be considerable higher as they can easily switch from one hotel to another(Porter M. E., 2008). Suppliers does not have much power over hotel businesses as they gain regular business from them. Hence, supplier bargaining power is considerably low for this case. Threats from new entry is high as Sydney is gradually becoming one of the most sort after location around the world, attracting large numbers of tourists and visitors each year.; Internal analysis of a business can be conducted using SWOT analysis, which is an abbreviated form for strength, weakness, opportunity and threat. Strength for the hotel will away from hustle-bustle of the city and available at considerable low costs. A major strength of the hotel is the low costs at which it will be operating. As it will have lesser number of head count, it can easily lower rates for its rooms unlike other large chains. Weakness is that it is a newly established hotel and will have less brand recognition. Opportunity for the hotel is to expand its capacity and accommodate new guest in more rooms(Hay, 2006). Later the hotel can consider expanding to other cities or towns. Threat faced by the hotel is in regards to large number of international and national hotels entering low costs space. Though there are weaknesses and threats for the hotel there is immense amount of opportunity for the hotel to expand and establish its business. Every business faces some or the other type of risks, such risks needs to be ascertained, diagnosed and treated. A risks can either be averted or mitigated however, most critical aspects is to recognize such risks prevailing in businesses(Knight, 2012). The hotel business has immense risk associated with uncertainty. Apart from seasonal risks, hotels face risks from customer choices, less demand, salary payments even in low seasons and so on. While some risks as customer choices can be catered to by means of target marketing and other factors, low demand cannot be attended to. There are certain macro level risks faced by the hotel as well that can only be averted. Macro level risks as those from natural calamities, or countrys economic crisis, or lowering of mortgage rates, unemployment and so on. Thus, the previous risk has been mitigated while the latter is avoided solely(Arena, 2010). Business practices that can enhance organisational performance are appropriate and ethical marketing along with employee satisfaction schemes. Marketing is the heart and soul for any organisation, without which an organisation might fail to establish itself. While marketing is integral, the hotel needs to adopt recent trends in marketing as internet marketing, ecommerce marketing and social media advertisement in order that large target audiences can be catered to(Broadbent, 2009). Marketing enhances business scope hence is critical for sustainability of the organisation. Employees comprises of key stakeholder for any organisation hence it becomes critical that they have appropriate job design with satisfaction and motivation levels. Job design of each employee, their pay scales and other factors needs to be ascertained in an appropriate manner such that they develop long-term commitment towards the organisation. Such long-term commitments will enhance employee satisfaction and reten tion, lowering employee turnover rates. This will overall affect productivity within the organisation, leading to satisfaction of customers. Thus, organisational performance will increase overall basis(Chandrasekar, 2011). The most critical function of the firm that can help attend performance of the organisation is its operational activity. For any hotel it becomes critical that various functions as room maintenance, welcoming guests, serving meals and other functionalities are conducted in an appropriate manner(Rasula, 2012). Operations department is the key driving segment for the hotel, which can yield organisational performance. All strategies and directive of the organisation is aimed at enhancing productivity of the organisation. Better organisational productivity will lead to more revenue earning and sustainable business model. Thus, goal of the organisation needs to be aimed at achieving highest levels of performance. Recommendations and Conclusion The hotel needs to adopt the professional organisational structure and develop codes of conduct. Appropriate strategies along with work policies will allow the organisation to cater to its aim and achieve its goals. The hotel can further develop its marketing endeavors such that it is able to attract large number of customers towards the hotel. Apart from low costs strategy the hotel can aim at providing exclusive services and free pick and drop to airport for attracting more customers.; Reference Lists Arena, M. A. (2010). The organizational dynamics of enterprise risk management. . Accounting, Organizations and Society, 35(7), 659-675. Broadbent, J. . (2009). Performance management systems: A conceptual model. . Management Accounting Research, 283-295. Buelens, M. S. (2011). Organisational behaviour. . McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Catthoor, F. W. (2013). Custom memory management methodology: Exploration of memory organisation for embedded multimedia system design. Springer Science Business Media. Chandrasekar, K. (2011). Workplace environment and its impact on organisational performance in public sector organisations. International Journal of Enterprise Computing and Business Systems, 1-19. Dcosta, A. (2012). Components of a PESTLE Analysis. . Bright Hub Inc. der OMU-Theorie, F. .-T. (2008). Organisation, Management. Unternehmensfhrung. Hay, G. J. (2006). Object-based image analysis: strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT). In Proc. 1st Int. Conf. OBIA , 4-5. Knight, F. (2012). Risk, uncertainty and profit. Courier Corporation. Porter, M. (2008). The five competitive forces that shape strategy. Porter, M. E. (2008). On Competetion. United States of America: Harvard Business School Publishing Corporation. Rasula, J. V. (2012). The impact of knowledge management on organisational performance. . Economic and Business Review for Central and South-Eastern Europe,