Factors and criteria that determine which brand of mobile phones will Essay

Factors and criteria that determine which brand of mobile phones will top today and which brand will peak after that - Essay Example Consequently data is sent to a single multicast address which can then be received by any IP device2. Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) contains multicast routing protocols for IP networking. These are primarily responsible to carry many-to-many and one-to-many data distribution with the help of internet, WAN or LAN. PIM is based upon different routing protocols along with its topology3. For instance, it includes Routing Information Protocol, Intermediate System to Intermediate System, Open Shortest Path First and the Border Gateway Protocol. Following are the four important types of Protocol Independent Multicast: Multicast routers work on the basis of distribution trees which are responsible to direct the path for IP multicast traffic. It is built in the form of a network infrastructure which facilitates in the traffic delivery. The Distribution trees are built in two different types i.e. source trees and shared trees. These trees do not have any loops because the data transformation is only between the source and receiver without any disruption8. The  source distribution tree is also called the shortest-path tree. It is built using small straddling tree which is responsible to transmit data using the shortest path from source to the recipients. Each of the individual sources which are transmitting data to a particular group gives rise to another tree note. In significantly large IP Networks this leads to an extravagant quantity of trees in a single network. This incompetency is actually important for multicast distribution trees. Here, all the multicast groups are attached with a shared root irrespective of the main source. This shared root is commonly called as the rendezvous point (RP). The shared tree are also unidirectional i.e. the traffic is received at RP directly from the source. This received data is then transferred to the every single receiver but there are also certain exceptions where this rule does

Automotive Production Levels Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Automotive Production Levels - Research Paper Example The quantity demanded for Toyota’s automobiles depends firstly on the price, but also on the consumer preferences, prices of other automobiles’ manufacturers, and income (Gravelle & Rees, 2004). As it can be seen from the graph, where the relation between quantity demanded and price is represented, a higher price tends to reduce the quantity people demand, whereas a lower price tends to increase it. In what concerns the quantity produced, it is a function of the price, factors of production, e.g., capital, labor, technology, and number of competitors (Gravelle & Rees, 2004). As the graph presents, there is a direct relation between price and quantity produced so a higher price tends to increase the quantity produced, whereas a lower price tends to decrease it. The equilibrium price and quantity occurs when the quantity demanded and the quantity supplied are equal. On the graph, it is the point of intersection of Qd (quantity demanded) and Qs (quantity supplied). Solving the two equations for Qd and Qs we obtain the following equilibrium point: The equilibrium point is above the current production level and price charged by the company, which are Q= 2236162 units and P=2.43 million yen. Taking into consideration that the level of production has increased compared with the quarter of the previous year (as shown in Fig. 2), the management of Toyota should continue this trend of increasing the number of units produced in order to arrive at the equilibrium point. As it can be seen, this coefficient is higher than one so it can be said that demand for Toyota’s vehicles is elastic. Taking this into account, management of the company should analyze many factors before considering increasing the price of its products because the demand for the automobiles is very sensitive to price changes. Let us assume that the elasticity of demand calculated above